As kidneys are composed of many different cell types, identifying the mechanisms that cause kidney injury and repair is challenging. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), has been a game-changer, as it enables researchers to determine the genes that are switched on/off in each kidney cell type. We have used it to identify 12 clusters of specific immune cells called myeloid cells, and have found some subsets which are only present in injury or repair (DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2020060806). This knowledge will enable us to develop new therapies that target specific cells more precisely to retard progression of kidney disease and promote kidney repair, thereby maximising therapeutic efficacy while minimising harmful effects. We have provided the data from the paper open access and it can be found here